World Ecological Organization

Artificial Domestication Planting Techniques of Wild Black Panax Notoginseng in Yunnan

time: 2022-05-07 19:04:09

Between the mountains of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, which are more than 1800 meters above sea level, the mountains are crisscrossed, the rivers are densely covered, and the Indian monsoon climate has formed abundant rainfall and humid air. There are dense broad-leaved forests growing in the mountains, and the wild "black Panax notoginseng" in Yunnan, which is called "black ginseng" by the local people, is surrounded by such an environment. It is also a refuge for wild "black Panax notoginseng".    1. Biological characteristics and medicinal use of wild Panax notoginseng    Wild black pseudo-ginseng,Panax notoginsengF. H. Chen ex C. Y. Wu et K. M. Feng of Araliaceae is a perennial herb with thick and fleshy taproot, many fibrous roots, palmately compound leaves, 5-7 leaflets, obovate, long bristles on both sides of the veins, serrated leaf margin, long bristles between teeth, and 5-base flowers. The yellow and white umbellate flowers are terminal, the fruit is nearly reniform, red when ripe, and the flowering and fruiting period is from July to September. It is slightly bitter, warm in nature, and has the effect of dispersing blood, detumescence and relieving pain. Chinese medicine for hematemesis, hemoptysis, hematochezia, metrorrhagia and metrostaxis disease.

II. Market Prospect of Wild Black Panax Notoginseng    In recent years, due to the rising market prices, so far, the traditional Chinese medicine Panax notoginseng is still mainly from the wild, and there is no large-scale artificial planting products. With the rapid development of traditional Chinese medicine industry and long-term predatory excavation, the ecology has been seriously damaged, and the wild black Panax notoginseng is becoming less and less. It takes 3-6 years from planting to harvesting and utilization of black Panax notoginseng, and the selling price in Jinping, Yunnan Province has reached more than 300 yuan/kg in the past two years.Ten times what it was 10 years ago. In 2000, the purchase price in Vietnam market was more than 1000 yuan/kg, which stimulated the enthusiasm of farmers to dig, and the digging speed far exceeded the natural growth rate, resulting in the depletion of wild Panax notoginseng resources in southern China. In Jinping, yuanyang and other areas in the south of Honghe River, a small number of drug farmers have made small-scale exploratory artificial planting, and some of them have made some small harvests, but due to various factors such as provenance and technology, they can not form a scale and solve the problem of resource shortage.Therefore, only depending on the wild resources can not meet the www.kecnet.cn/amdc/market demand of Macao casino, and with the continuous expansion of the traditional Chinese medicine market and the good efficacy of the wild black Panax notoginseng itself, the demand for black Panax notoginseng will inevitably increase substantially, and with the shortage of resources and the rising market price, the demand for black Panax Notoginseng will increase substantially. Artificial domestication of wild Panax notoginseng has become an inevitable choice to solve the shortage of wild Panax notoginseng resources and the development of agriculture in the southern mountainous areas of our province.3. Wild black Panax notoginseng planting technology    1. Variety breeding    In Jinping, yuanyang and other high altitude areas in the south of Honghe River, there are small-scale artificial cultivation of imitating wild, and no variety breeding has been carried out in variety screening, so far there is no distinction between varieties, and it is still a mixed population. Therefore, it is of great significance to retain high-quality, high-yield and disease-resistant varieties in production to ensure the yield and quality of Panax notoginseng and improve production efficiency.2. Choose the land for furrowing.    In the area with an altitude of 1200-1900 meters, the plots with convenient irrigation and drainage, a certain slope, fertile and loose acidic sandy loam are selected, furrows are made after deep ploughing at the end of summer, turf and the like are taken and laid on the furrows, the furrows are ignited and burned to eliminate germs and pests, and then base fertilizer is applied, preferably turf fertilizer and dried cow dung;    3. Construction of garden shade    Use bamboo and wood to surround the garden, and raise dogs in the garden after sowing.Cats, to prevent the damage of rats and animals, and to build a shade shed on the ridge with a light transmittance of 12% -20% to prevent the damage of sunshine and birds.    4. Seed selection and sowing    From October to November, select 3-4 years old strong mother plants, pick disease-free and plump seeds in cloudy days and sow them on the same day. It is not suitable to store them for a long time. If it is impossible to sow them in time, sand storage should be carried out. After sowing, turf ash should be applied to cover the soil with a thickness of about 1 to 2 cm. The surface of the ridge should be covered with a layer of dry straw to keep the soil moist, and the soil moisture should be kept between 25% and 30%.Promoting germination;    5. Field planting and management    From January to February in the third year, the seedlings were lifted and planted on the selected garden according to the row spacing of 20 × 35 and 20 × 35. Do not damage the roots when lifting the seedlings, and remove the old leaves. After planting, attention should be paid to weeding, fertilization, drainage and irrigation.    6. Pest control    The most serious disease of Panax notoginseng is root rot in rainy season, so special attention should be paid to drainage in rainy season.Common insect pests include aphids and red spiders, and the damage time is generally between 2 and 5 months, so acaricides can be used for spraying. In addition, spot leaf disease and leaf scorch disease should be controlled by drugs in time, and fungicides can be used for spraying. If it stops growing in winter, the above-ground part can be cut off between October and November, so that its roots can spend the winter underground.    In order to improve the quality of Panax notoginseng, it is necessary to properly control the number of flowers and seeds produced every year to ensure that the rhizome can obtain more nutrition and promote the improvement of the quality of Panax notoginseng. In order to truly achieve economic, safe and effective comprehensive management of pests and diseases, pesticides should be used from the perspective of ecology.


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